Ko Afirka ta tasirantu da juyin-juy hali?
December 17, 2020Shekaru 10 ke nan da Mohamed Bouazizi dan Tunusiya ya kona kansa a garin Sidi Bouzid bayan da jami'an tsaro suka ci zarafinsa. Abin da ya janyo zanga-zanga da bore a ilahirin kasashen Larabawa. Da farko boren ya yi awon gaba da kujerar mulkin shugaban Tunisiyan Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali. Sai kuma shugaban Masar Hosni Mubarak da shugaban Yemen Ali Abdullah Salih da kuma Mu'ammar Gaddafi na Libiya suka biyo baya.
Karin Bayani: Halin rashin tabbas a Tunusiya
Sai dai shekaru 10 bayan kadawar guduwar canji, fatan samun wani sauyi na a zo a gani bai tabbata ba. Domin har yanzu gwamnatocin mulkin kama karya da yake-yaken basasa da ayyukan masu ikirarin jihadi, sun zama ruwan dare a wasu kasashe.
Amma duk da haka boren na kasashen Larabawa ya karfafa gwiwa a wasu kasashen duniya ciki har da na Afirka, koda ya ke ba a ga irin wannan bore a kasashen Afirkan ba, duk kuwa da cewa matsalolinsu kusan iri daya ne da na kasashen Larabawan. Misali a 2014 dubun-dubatar mutane a Burkina Faso sun gudanar da zanga-zangar adawa da neman karin wa'adin mulkin Shugaba Blaise Compaoré da a lokacin ya kwashe shekaru 27 kan mulki. A Senegal a 2012, wata kungiyar matasa ta yi nasarar juya hukuncin kotun tsarin mulki da ta sahalewa Shugaba Abdoulaye Wade damar neman wa'adin mulki karo na uku. Sannan a Sudan zanga zanga a 2019, ta kawo karshen mulin Shugaba Omar al-Bashir. Robert Kappel masanin kimiyyar siyasar Afirka ya ce ko shakka babu borin na kasashen Larbawa ya zama abin koyi a Afirka: "A gani-na abubuwan da suka faru a yankin arewacin Afirka da na Gabas ta Tsakiya, sun karfafa gwiwar kungiyoyin fafutukar neman mulkin dimukuradiyya da 'yancin walwala da na fadin albarkacin baki da kare 'yancin dan Adam a Afirka."
Sai dai Matthias Basedu daraktan cibiyar nazarin harkokin Afirka ta GIGA ya ce ba a ga bore na gama gari a Afirka ba, domin tun bayan karshen yakin cacar baka a mafi yawan kasashen Afirkan, an kawar da shugabanni na sai Mahadi ya bayyana, saboda hakazanga-zangar da aka samu a Burkina Faso da Senegal da Sudan sun dan bambanta.
Karin Bayani: Sharhi kan rikicin kasar Sudan
Gilbert Achcar farfesa na huldodi tsakanin kasa da kasa a jami'ar SOAS da ke birnin London na kasar Birtaniya, ya ce bambancin matsalolin kasashenLarabawa da na Afirka na daga cikin dalilan da suka hana samun irin borin Larabawa a yankin Kudu da Saharar Afirka. Duk da haka boren ya yi mummunan tasiri a wasu kasashen Afirka misali yankin Sahel, inda bayan kifar da shugaba Muammar Gaddafi a Libiya yankin ya kara tsunduma cikin rikici musamman ma arewacin Mali.