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最後一次機會?

2011年11月21日

柬埔寨紅色高棉統治時期(1975-1979)近200萬人死亡。11月21日,國家檢察署和辯護律師在金邊作出開庭陳述。對波爾布特時期的司法程序進入決定性階段。

https://p.dw.com/p/13EOt
In this photo released by Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Nuon Chea, former Khmer Rouge's chief ideologist and the No. 2 leader, smiles during a trial for former Khmer Rouge top leaders, in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Monday, Nov. 21, 2011. The three top Khmer Rouge leaders, Nuon Chea, Khieu Samphan and Ieng Sary, accused of orchestrating Cambodia's "killing fields" went on trial Monday before a U.N.-backed tribunal more than three decades after some of the 20th century's worst atrocities. (AP Photo/Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Mark Peters) EDITORIAL USE ONLY
農謝圖片來源: dapd

七月底,特別法庭正式啟動對僅次於波爾布特的四位紅色高棉高級領導人的司法程序。周一(11月21日),其中三名被告出庭,他們是前波爾布特副手、被稱為二號人物的農謝(Nuon Chea),前國家主席喬森潘(Khieu Samphan),外長英薩利(Leng Sary)。英薩利的妻子、前社會部長英蒂利(Leng Thirit)因老年痴呆症於上周四被認定無出庭能力。這一決定引發激烈爭議。

In this photo released by Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Ieng Sary, former Khmer Rouge foreign minister, listens during a trial for former Khmer Rouge top leaders, in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Monday, Nov. 21, 2011. The three top Khmer Rouge leaders, Nuon Chea, Khieu Samphan and Ieng Sary, accused of orchestrating Cambodia's "killing fields" went on trial Monday before a U.N.-backed tribunal more than three decades after some of the 20th century's worst atrocities. (AP Photo/Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Mark Peters) EDITORIAL USE ONLY
英薩利圖片來源: dapd

Theay Seng是最重要的共同原告之一。她自己也是受害者。她的父母被紅色高棉殺害。她目前擔任柬埔寨受害者聯合會主席。她說,此次審判是前所未有的機會:

"迄今為止沒有討論這個話題的機會。柬埔寨沒有這樣的場合。在學校裡,波爾布特時期不是一個話題。這次的司法程序則引發了許多討論。但法庭如今必須完成工作,這極為重要。"

In this photo released by Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Khieu Samphan, former Khmer Rouge head of state, listens during a trial for former Khmer Rouge top leaders, in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Monday, Nov. 21, 2011. The three top Khmer Rouge leaders, Nuon Chea, Khieu Samphan and Ieng Sary, accused of orchestrating Cambodia's "killing fields" went on trial Monday before a U.N.-backed tribunal more than three decades after some of the 20th century's worst atrocities. (AP Photo/Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Mark Peters) EDITORIAL USE ONLY
喬森潘圖片來源: dapd

Theary Seng認為,法庭沒有履行職責。不久前,她退出了原告團,她說:"夠了!"她指責法庭處於柬埔寨政府的影響之下,而柬政府對這一審判毫無興趣。此外,司法程序分化也拖延了進程。

為了作出具體判決,不久前,法庭決定按照不同的罪名啟動不同的訴訟程序。首先是大規模驅逐的罪名。至於種族屠殺和大量戰爭罪行的起訴和審判將在以後進行。但是,被告年事已高,現在就已經在79歲和86歲之間了。

This photo released by Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia shows the court hall of the U.N.-backed war crimes tribunal during a trial for former Khmer Rouge top leaders, in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Monday, Nov. 21, 2011. The three top Khmer Rouge leaders, Nuon Chea, Khieu Samphan and Ieng Sary, accused of orchestrating Cambodia's "killing fields" went on trial Monday before the tribunal more than three decades after some of the 20th century's worst atrocities. (AP Photo/Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Mark Peters) EDITORIAL USE ONLY
法庭現場圖片來源: dapd

Ven Dara青少年時代曾是紅色高棉的成員。直到如今她仍然堅信,當時並非一無是處。不過,她認為,僅針對這四名被告展開司法程序是不對的。

"對殺人負有責任的紅色高棉領導人很多,現在只挑出這四個人,是不公平的。這是不公平的司法程序。"

這與受害者代表其實是同樣的看法,即應當展開更多的司法程序。但這會很難。因為聯合國到今年年底已經為柬埔寨特別法庭提供了1500萬美元資金。後續的可能性很小。兩周後,金邊法庭將舉行第一批證人的聽證,而證人總數約有1000人。

作者:Udo Schmidt 編譯:苗子

責編:葉宣